Jacob's 12 sons in order of birth are: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Dan, Naphtali, Gad, Asher, Issachar, Zebulun, Joseph and Benjamin. What is up with all these 12s? Judah (the righteous line) 9. For the name, see, West Asiatic visitors to Egypt (c.1900 BCE), A group of West Asiatic foreigners, possibly, Enumerations of the twelve tribes vary. There, a mysterious being appeared ("man," Genesis 32:24, 28; or "God," Genesis 32:28, 30, Hosea 12:3, 5; or "angel," Hosea 12:4), and the two wrestled until daybreak. The Sons of Jacob. So began a game of wills between the two sisters to win Jacobs love. God chose a jewel to represent each Jacob's sons. Issachar - Reward. He heard the voice of God, who repeated many of the blessings upon him, coming from the top of the ladder. According to Genesis 25, Isaac and Rebecca named the first son Hebrew: , Esau. 5 0 obj He continued in his faith and trust in the Lord even when he was thrown in prison for a crime he did not commit. [95] In contrast to both the Bible and Quran, NOI theology teaches Yakub was born in Mecca. Because the Pharaoh had such a high regard for Joseph, practically making him his equal,[64] it was an honor to meet his father. These sons/tribes were, in order of birth, Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Dan, Naphtali, Gad, Asher, Issachar, Zebulun, Joseph, and Benjamin. Their lamentation was so great that it caught the attention of surrounding Canaanites who remarked "This is a deep mourning of the Egyptians." They agreed, and on the third day after undergoing the ritual, while they were in pain and incapacitated, Simeon and Levi went to the city and killed every single male, and brought Dinah back home. Jacob had twelve sons through four women, his wives, Leah and Rachel, and his concubines, Bilhah and Zilpah, who were, in order of their birth, Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Dan, Naphtali, Gad, Asher, Issachar, Zebulun, Joseph, and Benjamin, all of whom became the heads of their own family groups, later known as the Twelve Tribes of Israel. [98] In the second year of this great famine,[51] when Israel (Jacob) was about 130 years old,[52] he told his 10 sons of Leah, Bilhah and Zilpah, to go to Egypt and buy grain. The angel of the Lord, in a dream back during the breeding season, told Jacob "Now lift your eyes and see [that] all the he goats mounting the animals are ringed, speckled, and striped, for I have seen all that Laban is doing to you",[26] that he is the God whom Jacob met at Bethel,[27] and that Jacob should leave and go back to the land where he was born,[27] which he and his wives and children did without informing Laban. According to the Sages, this was a prophetic reference to the End of Days, when Jacob's descendants will come to Mount Seir, the home of Edom, to deliver judgment against Esau's descendants for persecuting them throughout the millennia. <> The Twelve Tribes of Israel were named after the twelve sons of Jacob, progenitor of the Israelites. More . [33] Literal Christian interpreters like Henry M. Morris say that the stranger was "God Himself and, therefore, Christ in His preincarnate state", citing Jacob's own evaluation and the name he assumed thereafter, "one who fights victoriously with God", and adding that God had appeared in the human form of the Angel of the Lord to eat a meal with Abraham in Genesis 18. Scholars have taken a mixed view as to Jacob's historicity, with archaeology so far producing no evidence for his existence. Rachel had a hard time, and she finally died while giving birth. [45] This was the last time he would ever see his son in Hebron. [53], Nine of the sons returned to their father Israel from Egypt, stockpiled with grain on their donkeys. Israel. Levi The 12 Tribes of Israel descended from the patriarch Jacob, son of Isaac and grandson of Abraham, who was renamed Israel and gave his name to the nation. Simeon and Levi lose their birth order rights in Genesis 34:30 and Reuben loses his in Genesis 35:22. The Eastern and Western Churches consider Jacob as a saint along with other biblical patriarchs. To Simeon and Levi, Jacob said that they were alike in their fierce anger and cruelty, referring to the account of how they led the charge of all the brothers to kill the men of Shechem and to lame their oxen, after the king's son defiled their younger sister Dinah by seducing her (Genesis 33:18-34:31). Judah is given a unique blessing in Gen 49:10. Asher 6. God spoke to Rebekah and told her that the older twin (Esau) would serve the younger (Jacob). His first-born Reuben was the son of Leah, who later gave birth to Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun. The Midrash says that during Rebecca's pregnancy whenever she would pass a house of Torah study, Jacob would struggle to come out; whenever she would pass a house of idolatry, Esau would agitate to come out. A wild beast has devoured him. (2:132) Each son testified in front of Jacob that they would promise to remain Muslim (in submission to God) until the day of their death, that is they would surrender their wholeselves to God alone and would worship only Him. Disguised as Esau, Jacob entered Isaac's room. *Click on Open button to open and print to worksheet. Jacob was 77 years old,[22] and he loved Rachel immediately. Her birth occurred about 22:54 AM (1750 BC). Change). Then Rachel gives Bilhah, her servant girl to Jacob, so that she may give birth on my behalf (Genesis 30:3). For New Testament believers, this is picture of all those who were bought by the blood of the Lamb and redeemed to be firstborn, but defiled their Heavenly Father by their spiritual harlotry. Jacob was angry because his sons did this bad thing. Seeing that she had left off childbearing temporarily, Leah then gave her handmaid Zilpah to Jacob so that Leah could raise more children through her. (27:33). Er married a wife named Tamar, but God killed Er because he was wicked. To Naphtali (Naphtali sounds like the Hebrew wrestling), Jacob decreed, Naphtaliisadoeletloose thatbears beautiful fawns(Naphtalis military skill was marked by deer-like speed and dexterity). In addition to these, Jacob had a daughter, Dinah, by his wife Leah. When the land was divided, their tribe did not receive any land; 48 cities scattered around Israel and located within the territories of the other tribes were allotted to them. For New Testament believers, this is picture of the Church that perseveres and is able to bear fruit despite the struggles they encounter when they are hated by the world because they do not conform to it, but conform to Jesus. [3] According to Genesis, Jacob displayed favoritism among his wives and children, preferring Rachel and her sons, Joseph and Benjamin, causing tension within the familyculminating in Joseph's older brothers selling him into slavery. Sons Of Jacob. He considered them as his own sons Rueben and Simeon: And now thy two sons, Ephraim and Manasseh, which were born unto thee in the land of Egypt before I came unto thee into Egypt, are mine . As per his mother Rebecca 's instructions, Jacob left the Land of Israel and took refuge in his uncle Laban 's house, where he worked as a shepherd. Isaac attempted to favor Esau anyway, even though he was displeased with him marrying two pagan women, but God had already chosen Jacob to be next in the line of patriarchs, and this is exactly what happened. This was based on the condition Jacob would work another seven years for Rachel also. Jacob is mentioned 16 times in the Quran. http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://bibleencyclopedia.com/picturesjpeg/Leah_w_Rachel_67-63.jpg&imgrefurl=http://bibleencyclopedia.com/pictures/Genesis_29_Leah_with_Rachel.htm&h=614&w=400&sz=110&tbnid=Vci4cXEClxoKoM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=64&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dpictures%2Bof%2BLeah%2Band%2BRachel%26tbm%3Disch%26tbo%3Du&zoom=1&q=pictures+of+Leah+and+Rachel&usg=__KbmFiyhA-FIhWlDZFpBEJ8kzp40=&docid=d0RrbP5CPUreIM&hl=en&sa=X&ei=qUJyUNnONJKDqgGvwoG4Bw&sqi=2&ved=0CDIQ9QEwBQ&dur=673, 11 Dinah the onlydaughter,see Genesis 34, 12 Joseph* (a)Manassah*, (b)Ephraim but Jacob reversed the blessing and put Ephraim first. Theysold him into slavery out of spite and jealousy (Genesis 37:25). Jacob also had one daughter, Dinah, whose descendants were not recognized as a separate tribe. It was here, after 22 years, that Jacob saw his son Joseph once again. Laban the Aramean was reluctant to release him, as God had blessed his flock on account of Jacob. 4. Judah is a lions cub; from the prey, my son, you have gone up. With so many jockeying for position within this household of four women . Jacob spoke to Dan (Dan sounds like the Hebrew word, judged) Danshalljudgehispeople as one ofthetribesofIsrael.Danshallbeaserpentintheway, aviperbythepath, that bites the horsesheels sothathisriderfallsbackward. As Jacob lay on his deathbed, he asked his 12 sons to testify their faith to him before he departed from this world to the next. [36] Jacob actually diverted himself to Succoth and was not recorded as rejoining Esau until, at Machpelah, the two bury their father Isaac, who lived to be 180, and was 60 years older than they were. Continuing their journey to Egypt, when they approached in proximity, Israel sent his son Judah ahead to find out where the caravans were to stop. Jacob showed himself to be shrewd in his dealings with his impatient and passionate . He is also the head of the church of the firstborn (Colossians 1:18, Hebrews 12:23). Leah was the older of the two sisters and she birthed Jacob his first four sons. Psalm 22:12 speaks about the "bulls of Bashan" surrounding the future Savior. Thus Joseph's half brothers were jealous of him and they ridiculed him often. He led the servants of Pharaoh, and the elders of the houses Israel and Egypt beyond the Jordan River to Atad where they observed seven days of mourning. These sons became the heads of the twelve tribes of Israel and were blessed according to the covenant God had made with their great-grandfather Abraham. That is, the order of birth of Leah's six sons was Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, and Zebulon. Following the example of Sarah, who gave her handmaid to Abraham after years of infertility, Rachel gave her handmaid Bilhah to Jacob so that Rachel could raise children through her. To Reuben (whose name means, See, a son), Jacob said, Reuben, you are my firstborn, my might, and the first fruits of my strength, preeminent in dignity and preeminent in power. Jacob was resilient. Judah Then he decided it was time to go back to the Promised Land. Josephisafruitfulbough by a spring; his branchesrunoverthewall. "[56], When the sons of Israel (Jacob) returned to Hebron from their second trip, they came back with 20 additional donkeys carrying all kinds of goods and supplies as well as Egyptian transport wagons. [94] Though rejected by the vast majority of American Muslims, several NOI breakaway sects, including the Five-Percent Nation subscribe to this narrative. 10. Confused, Isaac exclaimed, "The voice is Jacob's voice, but the hands are the hands of Esau! The above list is only a portion of the 161 times the number 12 is mentioned in 144 verses in the ESV Bible. (Leah)dwelling After Joseph prepared his family for the meeting, the brothers came before the Pharaoh first, formally requesting to pasture in Egyptian lands. ", Jacob then transported his family and flocks across the ford Jabbok by night, then recrossed back to send over his possessions, being left alone in communion with God. But when Rachel saw her sister being taken out to the wedding canopy, her heart went out to her for the public shame Leah would suffer if she were exposed. There are several stories from these sons that read like a soap opera. For example: Reuben, slept with Bilhah (Jacobs concubine)(Gen 35:22)(Gen 49:3-4), the mother of his two brothers Dan and Naphtali (Gen 30:3-8)(Gen 35:25). [49] It crippled nations. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. Other scholars, such as Thomas L. Thompson, view the narratives as late literary compositions (6th and 5th centuries BCE) that have ideological and theological purposes but are unreliable for historical reconstruction of the pre-settlement period of the Israelites. "[86] Thinking Joseph to be dead, Jacob had his own destiny to lament because he considered that he was doomed to that Hell.[86]. Together, these tribes form the great nation of Israel. So, he told them to bring that money back and use double that amount to pay for the new grain. However, he agreed to give Rachel in marriage as well if Jacob would work another seven years. [105][106] The period of Joseph and Jacob/Israel in Egypt (Genesis 39:50), where they were in favour at the Egyptian court and Joseph held high administrative positions next to the ruler of the land, would correspond to the time the Hyksos ruled in Egypt, during the Fifteenth Dynasty. [104], According to researches on the historicity of the Old Testament, the descent of Abraham into Egypt as recorded in Genesis 12:1020 should correspond to the early years of the 2nd millennium BCE, which is before the time the Hyksos ruled in Egypt, but would coincide with the Semitic parties known to have visited the Egyptians circa 1900 BCE, as documented in the painting of a West-Asiatic procession of the tomb of Khnumhotep II at Beni Hasan. Rachel finally received the blessing of conception (God has taken away my reproachGenesis 30:23) and gave birth to (11) Joseph and (12) Benjamin, whom she bore as she died. Jacob himself took the foremost position. Onan disobeyed, so God killed him too (Gen 38:6-10). There are two opinions in the Midrash as to how old Rebecca was at the time of her marriage and, consequently, at the twins' birth. On the third day after the circumcisions, when all the men of Shechem were still in pain, Simeon and Levi put them all to death by the sword and rescued their sister Dinah, and their brothers plundered the property, women, and children. Below is a discussion of each tribe of Israel including their specific blessings and lessons we can learn from them. (38:46) Jacob is described as a good-doer (21:72) and the Quran further makes it clear that God inspired Jacob to contribute towards purification and hold the contact prayer. When the being saw that he did not overpower Jacob, he touched Jacob on the sinew of his thigh (the gid hanasheh, ), and, as a result, Jacob developed a limp (Genesis 32:31). The house of Israel acquired many possessions and multiplied exceedingly during the course of 17 years, even through the worst of the seven-year famine. The twelve tribes individually bore the names of Jacob's sons: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Dan, Naphtali, Gad, Asher, Issachar, Zebulun, Joseph, and Benjamin. How Daniels Prophecy of 70 Weeks Connects to the End Times, 4 Ways the Parable of the Sower Encourages Spiritual Growth. When the time came for Rebecca to give birth, the firstborn, Esau, came out covered with red hair, as if he were wearing a hairy garment, and his heel was grasped by the hand of Jacob, the secondborn. These children are important in biblical history, as the twelve sons of Jacob became the heads of the twelve tribes. [50] The word was that the only kingdom prospering was Egypt. The elegant carriage stood in front of the humble dwelling, surrounded by a swarm of black-clad chassidim. Israel's youngest son Benjamin, born from Rachel, stayed behind by his father's order to keep him safe. Jacob and his twin brother, Esau, were born to Isaac and Rebecca after 20 years of marriage, when Isaac was 60 years of age. Rather, what is given is the order of birth by wife. Was it strictly in order by birth date? (28) Jacob concludes his blessing of the sons. Learn how your comment data is processed. 12. [102], Archaeologist William G. Dever wrote in 2001: "After a century of exhaustive investigation, all respectable archaeologists have given up hope of recovering any context that would make Abraham, Isaac, or Jacob 'historical figures. Jacob was finally reunited with his father Isaac in Mamre (outside Hebron). And so forth. After this, Leah again conceived (twice) and gave birth to (9) Issachar and (10) Zebulun. Rueben lost his birthright because of an act of lust. According to Midrash Genesis Rabbah, the ladder signified the exiles that the Jewish people would suffer before the coming of the Jewish Messiah: the angels that represented the exiles of Babylonia, Persia, and Greece each climbed up a certain number of steps, paralleling the years of the exile, before they "fell down"; but the angel representing the last exile, that of Edom, kept climbing higher and higher into the clouds. Judah had two sons: Er and Onan. The Levites became the priesthood of the nation of Israel and are not counted among the Patriarchs of the 12 Tribes of Israel. (Zilpahhappy Reserved. To Asher, Jacob said that his family would prosper. Leah's servant Zilpah had two sons: Gad and Asher.Jacob and his wife Rachel had Joseph and Benjamin. The Lord instructed Moses to have the names of the twelve sons of Israel engraved on twelve stones in the breastplate of the high priest. Jacob suggested that all the spotted, speckled, and brown goats and sheep of Laban's flock, at any given moment, would be his wages. When they were complete and he was 84 years old[22] he asked for his wife, but Laban deceived him by switching Rachel for her older sister, Leah, as the veiled bride. Jacob buried her and erected a monument over her grave. With great apprehension, Jacob prepared for the worst. <> The notable 12s list starts with the 12 sons of Jacob who became the 12 tribes of Israel and ends with 12 kinds of fruit on the tree of life(Revelation 22:2). (19:6) Jacob's second mention is in the Quran's second chapter. But because He chose it, we can refer to itin all likelihoodas a covenantal number. 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