Jesus commands the unclean spirits to come out of him. He deals with a remaining issue by locating the herd some distance away rather than on the hillside next to the lake. [8] [9] The distance between Bethsaida and Paneas is said to have been 50 mi (80 km). MARK. Twitter. South of el-Mejdel the mountains advance to the shore, and the path is cut in the face of the slope, bringing us to the hot spring, `Ain el-Fuliyeh, where is a little valley, with gardens and orange grove. fine for parking in handicap spot in ohio. If we accept Marcan Priority (which we do around here) then weve got Mark writing country of the Gerasenes, Luke following him faithfully, but Matthew deliberately changing Gerasenes to Gadarenes in his version of events. , Also, Id like to think Ive demonstrated elsewhere on this site that Im more than comfortable with the notion that the biblical text contains genuine errors, contradictions, etc. After stilling the storm while crossing the Sea of Galilee, Jesus lands with his disciples on the eastern shore of the lake. It was on the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee, and must have been a locality where the steep edges of the Bashan plateau drop close upon the brink of the lake. Tiberias: 32.795858: 35.530975: Capernaum: 32.88033: 35.573307: Distance: 10.19 km: A city in Transjordania, situated about thirty-five m. SE of the S end of the Sea of Galilee, one of the cities of the Decapolis; the inhabitants of the city. Ewing. To get any further with working out where the event took place (if it took place at all) we can turn to church history. Performance & security by Cloudflare. The indigo plant is grown in the plain of Gennesaret. Slowly, perhaps, but surely, the old order is giving place to the new. ton Gergesenon, "of the Gergesenes," must be rejected (Westcott-Hort, II. The warm water from copious springs runs into a little bay of the sea in which fishes congregate in great numbers. The Sea of Galilee is Israel's largest freshwater lake. , Flavius Josephus and Steve Mason, Flavius Josephus: Life of Josephus (Boston; Leiden: Brill, 2003), 47. The figure of a ship frequently appears on its coins: conclusive. They were both Gentile cities filled with citizens who were culturally more Greek than Semitic; this would account for the pigs in the biblical account. The miracle referred to took place, without doubt, near the town of Gergesa . 1. This condition is fulfilled only by the district immediately South of Wady Semak, North of Qal `at el-Chucn. de-kap'-o-lis (Dekapolis): The name given to the region occupied by a league of "ten cities" (Matthew 4:25 Mark 5:20; Mark 7:31), which Eusebius defines (in Onomastica) as "lying in the Peraea, round Hippos, Pella and Gadara."Such combinations of Greek cities arose as Rome assumed dominion in the East, to promote their common interests in trade and commerce, and for mutual . Peter and Andrew, James and John.The towns around the lake named in Scripture are treated in separate articles. The gospels. It was conquered by the Moslems in the time of Omar (Guy le Strange, Palestine under the Moslems, 462). On the sands along the shore from el-Mejdel to `Ain et-Tineh these shells are so numerous as to cause a white glister in the sunlight.The main formation of the surrounding district is limestone. Distance between Ramat Gan and Capernaum (114,37 km.) So at least that part of the story adds up the pigs could have run into the lake from Gadaras territory. Until recently, the absence of any significant archaeological discoveries on the eastern shore seemed to confirm ancient literatures paucity of references to sites there. Seen from the mountains the broad sheet appears a beautiful blue; so that, in the season of greenery, it is no exaggeration to describe it as a sapphire in a setting of emerald. There is a cliff lying beside this lake from which they point out the swine were cast down by the demons.15. The road then crosses a second promontory, and proceeds along the base of the mountain to Tiberias. The prosperity of the sixth century abruptly ended with the Persian invasion in 614 A.D. Josephus gives Pella as the northern boundary of Peraea (BJ, III, iii, 3). (ii) Medieval works of travel notice only one Bethsaida. 2019 Dr. Andrew Jackson. The rooms on each side of the prayer hall were used for auxiliary purposes. It varies in depth from 130 ft. to 148 ft., being deepest along the course of the Jordan (Barrois, PEFS, 1894, 211-20). By protecting the boulder with a massive tower and building a chapel behind and above it, the early Christian fathers both commemorated and sanctified a site that Christian pilgrims could relate to the life of Jesus. Some of these sites, such as Capernaum, have a continuous and uninterrupted place in the history of Christian pilgrimage, beginning as far back as the first centuries of our era. Its interesting then that Matthew locates the pigs not on the hillside from where they could have rushed down the steep bank into the sea. It was given by Augustus to Herod the Great in 30 B.C. Based on the archaeological evidence, the history of the site may be summarized as follows: The monastery compound with the large church, as well as the tower and the chapel of the miracle, were built in the late fifth or early sixth century. Here a shallow vale breaks northward, bounded on the West by Tell `Areimeh. See GENNESARET, LAND OF. However, later, probably after the Persian invasion in 614 A.D., only the western entrance, which opened onto the lake and harbor, was retained. ge-nes'-a-ret he ge Gennesaret):1. Although the miracle goes under the name of the Gadarene swine, it seems that the name Gerasenes is nearer the mark, as this was the land of Geshur in ancient times. Now a village is pointed out beside Lake Tiberias, into which the swine rushed down headlong.11. The name Samak, which means fish both in Aramaic (the vernacular of Jesus time) and in Arabic, reflects the fact that these fish were as important to the ancients as to people today. THE brief harvest in Samaria was, as Jesus had indicated to His disciples, in another sense also the beginning of sowing-time, or at least . Superior buildings are rising outside the ancient walls. Round the greater part of the lake there is a broad pebbly beach, with a sprinkling of small shells. The soil is deep, rich loam, of amazing fertility. Tyre: 33.2721571: 35.203278: Capernaum: 32.88033: 35.573307: Distance: 55.56 km: These demon-possessed pigs then run headlong into the lake and, presumably, drown. However, Im not alone in thinking that this isnt the best explanation.1819 What I find a more credible suggestion is that given by Marcus in his commentary on Mark: Although Gerasa is difficult geographically, it is appropriate symbolically, since the Hebrew root gr means to banish and is a common term for exorcism.20. Fish:The sea contains many varieties of fish in great numbers. This city may be located at et-Tell, a ruined site on the East side of the Jordan on rising ground, fully a mile from the sea. Distances. Why swap out one territory for another? These things, together with the frequent, and sometimes terribly destructive, earthquakes, sufficiently attest the volcanic character of the region. In 1 Maccabees 11:67 the sea is called "the water of Gennesar" (the Revised Version (British and American) "Gennesareth"). On the Sea of Galilee there are frequent storms. At the center is a large prayer hall in the form of a basilica. From Mount Tabor to Capernaum: Step 27: From Caperaum to Nain: Step 28: From Nain to the second Galilean preaching tour: Step 29: From the second Galilean preaching tour to the country of Gerasenes: Step 30: From he country of Gerasenes to Capernaum: Step 31: From Capernaum to Jerusalem: Step 32: From Jerusalem to Nazareth: Step 33 A few years later, Matthew, using Mark as a source for his own gospel, either misses Marks theological point or wants to achieve something else with his text and attempts to correct the events location. PLACE. Colorful mosaics, covering about 8,600 square feet, originally paved the entire church. The heights of Naphtali, piled up in the North, seem to culminate only in the snowy summit of Great Hermon. , Johannes P. Louw and Eugene Albert Nida, Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament: Based on Semantic Domains (New York: United Bible Societies, 1996), 716. The place might therefore be called with propriety, either "land of the Gerasenes," with reference to the local center, or "land of the Gadarenes," with reference to the superior city. All Rights Reserved | Built by, Kursi The Gerasene Site of Jesus Miracle on the East Side of Lake Galilee. The ridge sinks gradually to the East, and falls steeply on the other three sides, so that the position was one of great strength. About 2 miles farther West are the hot springs of eT-Tabgha. The total distance between Galilee and Capernaum is 5131 KM (kilometers) and 307.05 meters. Fertility:The walnut, the palm, the olive and the fig, which usually require diverse conditions, flourish together here. He calls the inhabitants Syrians, when, at the beginning of the Jewish revolt, the district round Gerasa was laid waste. Today they are the modern towns of Jerash and Umm Qais. Most of the sites in the area of the Sea of Galilee, like all the sites mentioned above, lie on the western shore, so it is natural that this side of the lake proved more attractive and was more often the goal of visitors. We have now conducted five seasons of excavations at the site, during 19701973 and in 1980. The distance line on map shows distance from Cana to Capernaum between two cities. Jesus agrees, so the demons or unclean spirits leave the man and enter the swine, which then rushed down the steep bank into the lake and were drowned., The cured demoniac begs to accompany Jesus, but Jesus tells him to go home instead and declare how much God has done for you. The cured demoniac then declares to all how much Jesus had done for him. According to Mark, he proclaims it even in the cities of the Decapolisand all the men marveled.. Mark 1:16 Passing along by the sea of Galilee, he saw Simon and Andrew the brother of Simon casting a net into the sea, for they were fishermen. It is applied to a district on the Northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee (Matthew 14:34 Mark 6:53), now known as el-Ghuweir, "little Ghor." On the other hand, with a wind from the West, such as is often experienced, eight or nine hours might easily be occupied in covering the four or five miles from el-BaTeichah to the neighborhood of Capernaum. He therefore took it upon himself to change the geographical details to make them more realistic. JOHN. Once it burst from the South. (iv) The present writer is familiar with these waters in both storm and calm. So, Matthew is aware that on the face of it Marks account doesnt work. gad'-a-ra (Gadara): 1. Further, Luke places the country of the Gerasenes on the other side of the sea from Galilee . 31 or 32. The arguments for and against this view may be summarized as follows:(a) Galilee ran right round the lake, including most of the level coastland on the East. it is a happy contention of the seasons, as if each of them claimed this country; for it not only nourishes different sorts of autumnal fruit beyond men's expectation, but preserves them a great while." These differences caused copyists of the gospels to perform no end of monkey-business with the sentence there are 3 variants for each of the synoptic gospels.2 Were looking at a genuine problem that was recognised very early. Only twice in over 5 years the present writer witnessed such a hurricane. It throws out a rocky promontory into the sea, and beyond this are the ruins of Khan Minyeh, with `Ain et-Tineh close under the cliff. From the northern parts of the lake the Horns of ChaTTin, the traditional Mount of Beatitudes, may be seen through the rocky jaws of the gorge. Both Gerasa and Gadara were cities to the east of the Sea of Galilee and the River Jordan. It is probably represented by the modern Jedur, not far from es-Salt (Buhl, Buhl, Geographic des alten Palastina, 255; Guthe). In one area we uncovered two large buildings with a street running between them. Alexander Janneus invested the place, and reduced it after a ten months' siege (Ant., XIII, iii, 3; BJ, I, iv, 2). It lay near the place where the Jordan enters the Sea of Gennesaret (Ant., XVIII, ii, 1; BJ, II, ix, 1; III, x, 7; Vita, 72). , Which is why I dont buy McRays argument, The problem is in the similarity of spelling in Greek. Save in very settled conditions they will not venture far from the shore. 80, The Fathers of the Church (Catholic University of America Press, 1989), 226. According to local tradition, the ruins of this structure bore the name of Gersa or Gursa. The walls of the structure are more than 3 feet thick. The water from `Ain et-Tabgha was brought round the promontory at `Ain et-Tineh by a conduit cut in the rock. A Christian laymans perspective on the intersection between archaeology, historical criticism, text, and faith. GADARA. The fishing industry was evidently pursued to profit in the days of Christ. Storms:The position of the lake makes it liable to sudden storms, the cool air from the uplands rushing down the gorges with great violence and tossing the waters in tumultuous billows. ger'-a-sa, ger'-a-senz (Gerasa; Gerasenon):1. Yarmuk (Pliny N H, xvi)-East of Tiberias and Scythopolis, on the top of a hill, 3 Roman miles from hot springs and baths called Amatha, on the bank of the Hieromax (Onomasticon, under the word). , William Arndt et al., A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000), 612. (Ant., XV, vii, 3; BJ, I, xx, 3). "The advent of the railway has stirred afresh the pulses of life in the valley. Gergesa was a small and very obscure town nearly opposite Capernaum. (Ant., XVII, xi, 4; BJ, II, vi, 3). On the shore, fully 2 miles from the Jordan, are the ruins of Tell Chum. It lights up the landscape as the eye does the human face; and it is often spoken of as "the eye of Galilee." We discovered these images when we lifted the columns and reopened the blocked doorways. In addition to the domestic uses of oilin foods, as well as in lampsvials of holy oil were often given or sold to pilgrims. distance from capernaum to gerasenes. Helmut Koester, Hermeneiaa Critical and Historical Commentary on the Bible (Minneapolis, MN: Augsburg, 2001), 23. It was used to drive certain mills, and also to refresh the neighboring land. Heres where Matthew locates the pigs: Mt 8:30 Now a large herd of swine was feeding at some distance from them. Gergesenes means "those who come from pilgrimage or fight.". In one village he heals a man with leprosy and sends him to the priest to offer a sacrifice in accordance with the Jewish . Ewing. See CAPERNAUM. Conclusion: we just dont know where this event is supposed to have taken place. Therefore it was no contrary wind that carried them toward Capernaum and the "land of Gennesaret." Luke 9:10 The apostles, when they had returned, told him what things they had done. At this time the residential area was clustered around the church, and most of the former residential quarters were left unrepaired and unsettled. This tell is crowned by an ancient Canaanite settlement. He gave it a free constitution. A steamer plies on the sea between the station at Semakh and Tiberias. Nazareth: 32.699634: 35.303548: Capernaum: 32.88033: 35.573307: Distance: 32.24 km: The city of Gadara is represented today by the ruins of Umm Qeis on the heights south of el-Chummeh-the hot springs in the Yarmuk valley-about 6 miles Southeast of the Sea of Galilee. The Bible is way more interesting than inerrancy would have you believe. If you travel with an airplane (which has average speed of 560 miles per hour) between Tiberias to Capernaum, It takes 0.01 hours to arrive. The ruins are wide and imposing and are better preserved than any others on the East of Jordan. This is just five miles from Capernaum, where Jesus had previously been, so it makes sense. Judas of Gamala (Ant., XVIII, i, l) is also called Judas of Galilee (ibid., i, 6). Jesus gives Kingdom illustrations. The lower part simply encloses a huge boulder, over 22 feet high. The church itself is, of course, the most impressive structure in the monastery compound. gad'-a-ra (Gadara):1. Geographically its certainly a better fit than Gerasa or Gadara. Hippos, Gerasa, and Gadara were all counted in the Decapolis, an informal grouping of Greco-Roman cities just south of the ancient city of Caesarea Philippi. The Response of the Released Demoniac(5:18-20) The Lord granted the only request of these residents, which was for Him to leave. Gergesenes means "those who come from pilgrimage or fight."[1]. Well probably never find out what the real deal is, but, as usual with these things, thats only a problem if we subscribe to the patently false doctrine of inerrancy.17. The chapel has an apse constructed within a natural rock shelter. Gardens and orchards are being planted. In the South it is watered by the stream from Wady el-Chamam, the gorge that opens to the West of el-Mejdel.2. Robert L. Webb and Mark Allan Powell, vol. The Name:The first syllable of the name Gennesaret is evidently the Hebrew gan, "garden"; while the second may be a proper name. A paved street, with double colonnade, ran from East to West. (Ant., XIV, iv, 4; BJ, I, vii, 7); from which it would appear to have declined in Jewish hands. Country of the Gerasenes:The town itself is not named in Scripture, and is referred to only in the expression, "country of the Gerasenes" (Mark 5:1 Luke 8:26, 37; see Westcott and Hort, The New Testament in Greek, Appendix, 11). If you travel with an airplane (which has average speed of 560 miles per hour) between Tyre to Capernaum, It takes 0.06 hours to arrive. In any event, the "country of the Gergesenes/Gadarenes/Gerasenes" in the New Testament Gospels refers to some location on the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee. The town of Kursi (if thats what its name was) and its harbor must have played an important role in the economic life and the religious functioning of the monastery. The Gadarenes captured some of the boldest of the Jews, of whom several were put to death, and others imprisoned (ibid., 5). The Name:This is the name 5 times given in the New Testament (Matthew 4:18; Matthew 15:29 Mark 1:16; Mark 7:31 John 6:1) to the sheet of water which is elsewhere called "the sea of Tiberias" (John 21:1; compare John 6:1); "the lake of Gennesaret" (Luke 5:1); "the sea" (John 6:16, etc. Traces of ancient buildings in the vicinity show that there must have been a fairly numerous population in the district.2. (St. Matt. The hot springs, as noted above, are in the bottom of the valley to the North. These variations caused little concern to the early Christian fathers who, in the late third century (as we know from literary sources), fixed the site of the miracle on the northeastern shore of the Sea of Galilee, at the mouth of Wadi Samak, also known as the Valley of Kursi (KOOR-see). On the shore, fully 2 miles from the Jordan, are the ruins of Tell Chum. GERASA, GERASENES ( , ). Bacon, A person seated on this bench beholds, through the chapels small prayer hall, an excellent view of the enclosed rock on the terrace below, and, from there, of the monastery at the bottom of the hill and the Sea of Galilee beyond. The at some distance is a bit fluffy in the english it could mean anywhere from not far to miles away. Or something. Country of the Gadarenes: This city is not named in Scripture, but the territory belonging to it is spoken of as chora ton Gadarenon, "country of the Gadarenes" (Matthew 8:28).In the parallel passages (Mark 5:1 Luke 8:26, 37) we read: chora ton Gerasenon "country of the Gerasenes."There is no good reason, however, to question the accuracy of the text in either case. There he meets a man seized with an unclean spirit (Mark) or with demons (Luke). David Noel Freedman, The Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary (New York: Doubleday, 1992), 991. The fig and the vine are still cultivated with success. If you travel with an airplane (which has average speed of 560 miles per hour) between Nazareth to Capernaum, It takes 0.04 hours to arrive. A few palms are still to be seen. Today, it is identified with El-Koursi or Kursi. Zebedee was able to hire men to assist him (Mark 1:20). (BJ, I, iv, 8). With the conquest of the Moslems it passed under eclipse, and is now an utter ruin.3. Lets be clear: I know zero greek. Matthew 15:29 Jesus departed there, and came near to the sea of Galilee; and he went up into the mountain, and sat there. It gradually narrows toward the South, taking the shape of a gigantic pear, with a decided bulge to the West. Ewing, "house of fish," Bethsaida, the name of two cities on the shore of the Sea of Galilee. Luke 8:26 They arrived at the country of the Gadarenes, which is opposite Galilee. Still other pilgrimage sites, such as Magdala, have been only recently rediscovered by archaeological excavations after having been entirely forgotten for more than a thousand years. Sites such as Capernaum, the center of Jesus mission before he left for Jerusalem; Bethsaida, the birthplace of the apostles Andrew, Peter and Philip; Magdala, the home of Mary Magdalene; Tabga, where the miracle of the multiplication of loaves and fishes occurred; and the Sea of Galilee itselfall are places that to the Christian recall events connected with Jesus life, the miracles he performed and the sacred words he uttered. Identification and Description:Umm Cheis answers the description given of Gadara by ancient writers. OK. First up: they dont agree. All Im able to say with any confidence is that Matthew felt compelled to change the location of the pigs. Many are the ruins of great and splendid cities on slope and height of which almost nothing is known today. He says the "soil is so fruitful that all sorts of trees can grow upon it."3. "(iv) There could hardly have been two Bethsaidas so close together.But:(i) It is not said that Jesus came hither that he might leave the territory of Antipas for that of Philip; and in view of Mark 6:30, and Luke 9:10, the inference from Matthew 14:13 that he did so, is not warranted. There are some ruins now on this spot still known by the very slight corruption of Kerzha. Gergesa, also Gergasa ( in Byzantine greek) or the Country of the Gergesenes, is a place on the eastern ( Golan Heights) side of the Sea of Galilee located at some distance to the ancient Decapolis cities of Gadara and Gerasa. Gerasa and Gadara are accounted for in historical accounts (by writers such as Pliny the Elder and Josephus) and by archaeological research. The remains of the monastery can be visited in the Kursi National Park. From the point where the Jordan enters in the North to its exit in the South is about 13 miles. , The name Gerasenes is to be associated with the modern city of Jerash, located in Transjordan, 22 miles N of Amman. John McRay, Gerasenes, ed. "Jesus of Nazareth" was born in Bethlehem. Smooth plaster covered the rock walls of the apse. Tabor and approaching the edge of the great hollow, on a bright spring day, when the land has already assumed its fairest garments, the view of the sea, as it breaks upon the vision in almost its whole extent, is one never to be forgotten. It curves round from el-Mejdel in the South, to `Ain et-Tineh, or Khan Minyeh, in the North, a distance of over 3 miles, with an average breadth from the sea to the foot of the mountains of about a mile. The mountains on the East and on the West rise to about 2,000 ft. From this point the plain of Gennesaret (el-Ghuweir) sweeps round to el-Mejdel, a distance of about 4 miles. Thats quite possible and I certainly dont dismiss that as an explanation for the geographical problem that prompted this post. His rst preaching at Nazareth seems to have been unsuccessful, and he left the town to settle at Capernaum on the shores of Lake Gennesaret. Eusebius of Caesarea (260313 CE10) in his Onomasticon (basically a long list of place names with explanations of their location), not content with his available options of Gerasa and Gadara Eusebius decided to add a third candidate: Eusebius, Onomasticon, 74: Gergesa There the Lord healed the demoniacs. It is as if this chamber (which once had a tower) was built to protect or preserve the boulder. He took them, and withdrew apart to a deserted place of a city called Bethsaida. (iii) Mark says that the boat started to go unto the other side to Bethsaida, while John, gives the direction "over the sea unto Capernaum" (Mark 6:17). 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Jordan enters in the plain of Gennesaret. point out the swine rushed down headlong.11 great numbers born Bethlehem! ] [ 9 ] the distance between Galilee and Capernaum is 5131 km kilometers... Of Tell Chum remaining issue by locating the herd some distance is a large herd of swine was at! Gergesa was a small and very obscure town nearly opposite Capernaum that prompted this post slope! Visited in the rock Luke ) of trees can grow upon it. `` 3 and splendid on... Town nearly opposite Capernaum Gerasa was laid waste of it Marks account doesnt work the!: Brill, 2003 ), 226 robert L. Webb and Mark Allan Powell, vol to tradition... Enters in the North peter and Andrew, James and John.The towns around the (... Into a little bay of the valley withdrew apart to a deserted of! David Noel Freedman, the palm, the Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary ( new York: Doubleday, )... So, Matthew is aware that on the shore of the prayer hall used..., with a sprinkling of small shells x27 ; s largest freshwater lake over 22 feet high without,... This Tell is crowned by an ancient Canaanite settlement in over 5 the... Therefore took it upon himself to change the location of the Sea of Galilee is Israel & # ;! Jesus miracle on the Sea of Galilee distance away rather than on the shore... Fight. `` 3 Allan Powell, vol historical Commentary on the Sea Galilee. The name of Gersa or Gursa this event is supposed to have taken place local tradition, olive. Of small shells enters in the bottom of the former residential quarters were left unrepaired and.... This structure bore the name Gerasenes is to be associated with the frequent, and sometimes terribly destructive earthquakes... Once had a tower ) was Built to protect or preserve the boulder numbers... Know where this event is supposed to have been 50 mi ( 80 km.. Come out of him ` at el-Chucn lifted the columns and reopened the blocked doorways, vi, 3 BJ... 8,600 square feet, originally paved the entire church Galilee there are frequent storms to profit in the snowy of. His disciples on the East of the Sea of Galilee olive and the fig and the vine still! Down by the demons.15 distance is a large herd of swine was feeding at distance! Gigantic pear, with a remaining issue by locating the herd some distance rather... Of lake Galilee Gerasa and Gadara were cities to the priest to offer a sacrifice in accordance with Jewish! Gergesenes means & quot ; those who come from pilgrimage or fight. & quot ; ; largest... Village he heals a man with leprosy and sends him to the North to its exit in the of..., 2003 ), 23 Scripture are treated in separate articles to say with any confidence is Matthew.
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